White v. U.S.
White v. U.S.
2022 WL 17823681 (M.D. Pa. 2022)
December 20, 2022

Brann, Matthew W.,  United States District Judge

FOIA
Failure to Produce
Third Party Subpoena
Download PDF
To Cite List
Summary
William A. White's motion for the production of his property from FCI Terre Haute was dismissed as moot, his motion to compel the production of documents from the United States was denied, and his motion to compel discovery was granted in part and denied in part. His motion to issue a subpoena scheduling a video deposition was also denied. White was instructed to follow the instructions provided to him to schedule a video deposition with Dr. Ramsdell.
Additional Decisions
WILLIAM A. WHITE, Plaintiff,
v.
UNITED STATES of AMERICA, Defendant
No. 3:20-CV-00291
United States District Court, M.D. Pennsylvania
Signed December 20, 2022

Counsel

William A. White, Cumberland, MD, Pro Se.
Melissa Swauger, U.S. Attorney's Office, Harrisburg, PA, for Defendant.
Brann, Matthew W., United States District Judge

MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER

*1 Plaintiff William A. White is currently involved in expert discovery for the instant FTCA litigation. He has filed several motions concerning discovery issues, including a motion for injunctive relief regarding provision of his legal paperwork,[1] a motion to compel the production of documents under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 37,[2] and a motion to order service of a subpoena by the United States Marshals Service.[3] The Court will address White's motions in turn.
White first argues that, since being transferred from FCI Terre Haute to FCI Cumberland in late July 2021, he has not been provided with his property, most importantly his extensive collection of legal paperwork.[4] He contends that he is missing approximately 20 boxes and 3 bags of materials.[5] White asserts that he needs these materials to properly depose defense expert Dr. Justin Ramsdell and asks the Court to order the production of the materials.[6]
On November 11, 2022, the United States responded, explaining that “receiving and distribution at FCI Terre Haute plans to inventory and search White's property” and that his property will be mailed on “Monday or Tuesday,” i.e., November 14 or November 15, 2022.[7] White did not file a reply brief or any follow-up notice that he has not received his property, so the Court will dismiss as moot his motion for the production of his property from FCI Terre Haute.
White next moves to compel the production of several documents from the United States under Rule 37(a). This motion appears to be in response to information contained in Dr. Ramsdell's expert report.[8] White asks the Court to compel the United States to produce (1) “the Mexican police report[s]” of his June 8, 2012 arrest in Playa del Carmen, Mexico, and (2) unspecified documents from his central BOP file that are exempt under the Freedom of information Act (FOIA) and “were provided by the United States to Dr. Justin Ramsdell and used by him in the production of his report.”[9] White argues that these documents must be produced by the United States pursuant to Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 26(a)(1)(A)(ii) and 26(a)(2)(B)(ii).
The problem for White is that he has not demonstrated why the documents that he requests are required to be produced under either cited provision of Rule 26. Rule 26(a)(1)(A)(ii) governs initial disclosures and requires a party to produce, without a discovery request, “a copy ... of all documents, electronically stored information, and tangible things that the disclosing party has in its possession, custody, or control and may use to support its claims or defenses, unless the use would be solely for impeachment.”[10] White simply has not established that the documents he is requesting are going to be used to support the United States’ defense against his negligent infliction of emotional distress claim. His brief does not contain a single argument about why the Mexican police report or unspecified FOIA-exempt documents should have been made in the United States’ initial disclosures under Rule 26(a)(1)(A).
*2 White's argument related to Rule 26(a)(2)(B)(ii) gets closer, as this provision deals with expert discovery, but is still unpersuasive. Rule 26(a)(2)(B)(ii) requires that an expert witness's report contain “the facts or data considered by the witness in forming [the expert witness's opinions].”[11] Dr. Ramsdell did just that, providing the facts upon which he relied when discussing White's arrest in Mexico.[12] Dr. Ramsdell relates the details regarding White's flight to Mexico, the arrest warrant issued for him, and his eventual arrest.[13] Because Dr. Ramsdell did what was required under Rule 26(a)(2)(B)(ii), this rule does not provide a basis to compel disclosure of the documents that White seeks.
White additionally contends that he needs the Mexican police report to challenge Dr. Ramsdell's conclusions that he has a “narcissistic personality disorder.”[14] He asserts that the Mexican police report will substantiate his version of events and show that he is not “fantasizing or exaggerating.”[15] White is correct that his request for this report seeks relevant and discoverable information that could be used to rebut certain facts upon which Dr. Ramsdell relied in forming his opinion. Thus, the United States must produce these documents if they are available (likely from the Western District of Virginia, where White was prosecuted).[16] The United States Attorney's contention that the documents are not in its custody or control is unconvincing insofar as White asserts, without dispute from the United States, that the documents were part of his federal criminal prosecution.
Lastly, White does not specify the documents from his BOP central file that he seeks to have disclosed, nor does he explain how those documents are relevant to his claims. The Court cannot make a determination about whether such documents must be produced by the United States without knowing what specific documents White seeks. Although White's argument—that FOIA does not govern civil discovery disclosures—is well taken, White fails to specify what the FOIA-exempt documents are or why they must be disclosed under Rule 26(b)(1). His supporting brief simply states that his requests “are well within the scope of” Rule 26(b)(1).[17] Thus, White's motion to compel discovery will be granted in part and denied in part.
White's final motion requests that a subpoena issue scheduling a video deposition for Dr. Ramsdell and be served by the United States Marshals. Interwoven with this request is White's contention that the United States should pay the costs of the deposition that White desires to take and then seek reimbursement. Because White is not entitled to have the United States pay for the expert deposition he is requesting, and because a subpoena is unnecessary to schedule such a deposition, White's final motion will be denied.
The Court first notes that White is not proceeding in forma pauperis in this litigation. Rather, he paid the full filing fee and is proceeding as a general pro se litigant.[18] Although not part of his motion, White contends that requiring him to pay for his own discovery—the deposition of Defendant's expert—would result in “manifest injustice” and that the costs for the deposition should be shifted to the United States.
White first contends that under Rule 26(b)(4)(E), “the procedure for an expert deposition is that the party pays their expert then seeks reimbursement from the noticing party.”[19] But Rule 26(b)(4)(E) contains no such language, instead plainly requiring that “the party seeking discovery pay the expert a reasonable fee for time spent in responding to discovery under Rule 26(b)(4)(A) [concerning deposing an expert who may testify at trial].”[20] As the Advisory Committee Notes explicitly state, “the expert's fees for the deposition will ordinarily be borne by the party taking the deposition.”[21]
*3 This leaves the “unless manifest injustice would result” proviso at the beginning of Rule 26(b)(4)(E).[22] White acknowledges that the manifest-injustice exception is “stringent.”[23] He then argues that requiring him to pay the witness fees in advance would be manifestly unjust because Dr. Ramsdell's testimony “is so infected with factual error that for the United States to present it would be frivolous under 28 U.S.C. [§] 1927” and that, once Dr. Ramsdell is deposed, White will establish that “his testimony will be inadmissible under Daubert and Fed. R. Evid. 702.”[24]
The Court finds White's argument wholly unpersuasive. White is not indigent, and he is the party seeking to depose Defendant's expert witness. There will be no “manifest injustice” if White is required to pay the reasonable witness fees for a deposition he requested, especially because he already has a copy of Dr. Ramsdell's expert report that previews Dr. Ramsdell's trial testimony. White may dispute some of Dr. Ramsdell's conclusions, but he has certainly not made a preliminary showing that Dr. Ramsdell's testimony would be precluded by Daubert. Moreover, if White has an objection to the fees that Dr. Ramsdell proposes, that issue can be addressed prior to scheduling Dr. Ramsdell's deposition. This is simply not a case, like those cited by White,[25] where a fee dispute interrupts an ongoing deposition, is preventing a deposition from being scheduled, or would require an indigent party to pay for a necessary but cost-prohibitive deposition.
White need not worry about timing, as the expert-discovery deadlines in this case can be extended if necessary. And White has been provided, several times, with specific instructions explaining how to schedule a video deposition with Dr. Ramsdell.[26] White should follow those instructions if he desires to depose Dr. Ramsdell, and he will be responsible for paying the reasonable costs for Dr. Ramsdell's time and for the court reporter. No subpoena needs to issue because Dr. Ramsdell is amenable to a video deposition so long as he is paid a reasonable fee for his time, as is required by Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(b)(4)(E)(i). The deposition should be arranged for a date and time that is convenient for all parties.
AND NOW, upon consideration of the foregoing, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that:
1. White's motion (Doc. 209) to compel the United States to provide his property is DISMISSED as moot.
2. White's motion (Doc. 217) “to compel the production of documents” is GRANTED in part and DENIED in part, as follows:
a. The motion is GRANTED as to the June 2012 Mexican police report (or reports) sought by White.
b. The motion is DENIED as to the unspecified “FOIA” documents “provided by the United States to Dr. Justin Ramsdell and used by him in the production of his report.”
3. White's motion (Doc. 215) to “Order the Service of Plaintiff's Deposition Subpoena” is DENIED.

Footnotes

Doc. 209.
Doc. 217.
Docs. 215.
See Doc. 209 at 1.
Id. at 1-2.
Doc. 211 at 1.
See Doc. 218 at 1-2, 6-7.
See id. at 3-4; Doc. 217 at 1; Doc. 218-1 at 19, 36.
FED. R. CIV. P. 26(a)(1)(A)(ii).
FED. R. CIV. P. 26(a)(2)(B)(ii).
See Doc. 231-1 at 28.
Doc. 218 at 6.
Id. at 7.
Doc. 218 at 6.
See Remark following Doc. 101.
Doc. 224 at 3.
FED. R. CIV. P. 26(b)(4)(E)(i) (emphasis added).
FED. R. CIV. P. 26(b)(4)(A) advisory committee's note to 1993 amendment.
See Doc. 220 at 2 (citing Reed v. Binder, 165 F.R.D. 424 (D.N.J. 1996)).
Doc. 220 at 3-4.
See Doc. 224 at 3-4.
See Docs. 214, 234.