The Trust owns three parcels of land in Charlotte County, Florida. (Doc. 40, ¶ 7). Richard Lake is the sole trustee of the Trust. (Doc. 40, ¶ 2). In sum, Lake as trustee sought to develop these parcels of land, but Charlotte County has prevented him from doing so. (Doc. 40, ¶¶ 12-62).

During the process to develop the properties, Lake hired land planner Cyndi Tarapani and professional engineer Laura Rossi. (Doc. 43, p. 1; Doc. 46, p. 2). Lake retained Tarapani and Rossi to testify as experts during a 2019 land-use hearing. (Doc. 43, p. 1). As a result, Lake's counsel exchanged numerous emails with Tarapani, Rossi, and Lake, which Lake claims contained counsel's work product relating to the strategy at the hearing and related matters. (Doc. 43, p. 2).

Charlotte County served Tarapani and Rossi with subpoenas for production of documents. From both Tarapani and Rossi, the County seeks: “Any communications between you and Richard Lake (or his agents) pertaining to the use, planning, or development of Parcel A, B, C and/or Lot 1.” (Docs. 43-1, p. 16; 43-2, p. 6). Lake claims that these subpoenas seek work-product materials and should be quashed, citing Rules 26(b)(1) and 45(d)(3)(A)(iii).

Rule 26(b)(1) governs the scope of discovery. It permits a party to “obtain discovery regarding any nonprivileged matter that is relevant to any party's claim or defense and proportional to the needs of the case...” The work-product doctrine codified in Rule 26(b)(3) and (b)(4) provides, with limited exception,[3] that certain items generated “in anticipation of litigation” are protected from discovery. Moreover, work product containing “mental impressions, conclusions, opinions, or legal theories of a party's attorney or other representative concerning the litigation” (Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(b)(3)(B)) are rarely discoverable and enjoy “nearly absolute immunity.” Drummond Co., Inc. v. Conrad & Scherer, LLP, 885 F.3d 1324, 1335 (11th Cir. 2018) (quoting Cox v. Adm'r U.S. Steel & Carnegie, 17 F.3d 1386, 1422 (11th Cir. 1994)).

*2 Consistent with Rules 26 and 45, the parties agree Tarapani and Rossi may respond to the subpoenas and produce any nonprivileged communications and withhold or redact any privileged materials. (Doc. 43, p. 2; Doc. 46, p. 3). The dispute arises as to whether Tarapani and Rossi must produce a privilege log. In light of the overall circumstances surrounding these two subpoenas, rather than require Tarapani and Rossi to produce privilege logs of withheld or redacted materials, they may categorically withhold or redact privileged communications, and must provide a certification by both the subpoenaed party and Lake that none of the withheld or redacted documents were distributed to or reviewed by anyone other than Lake, Lake's counsel, Tarapani, Rossi, or their respective staffs. Alternatively, if the subpoenaed party or Lake refuse to provide such a certification, then the subpoenaed party must produce a privilege log in compliance with Rule 45(e)(2)(A)(i)-(ii).[4] See also Middle District Discovery (2021) at Section VI(A)(2)(b)(i).

Accordingly, the Motion to Quash Subpoena (Doc. 43), construed as a motion for protective order is GRANTED. By June 23, 2021, Cyndi Tarapani and Laura Rossi must comply with the subpoenas. They may redact or withhold materials based on the work-product doctrine and must include contemporaneously with the production either the certifications detailed in this Order or a privilege log.

ORDERED in Fort Myers, Florida on June 9, 2021.